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Die durch die Untersuchung gewonnenen Ergebnisse weisen eine so große Vielfalt auf, wie sich die Geschichten der Befragten voneinander unterscheiden. Das Hauptergebnis, das in Bezug auf die Hintergründe konstatiert werden kann, ist, dass fehlende Motivation und Desinteresse die tragenden Ursachen darstellen. Diese zwei Begriffe dürfen jedoch nicht als alleiniges Problem der Early School Leavers betrachtet werden, denn beide Aspekte werden auch maßgeblich durch schulische und familiäre Faktoren beeinflusst. Dazu zählen unter anderem konfliktbehaftete Beziehungen und fehlende Vernetzungen unter den direkten Lebensbereichen. Ebenso wird herausgestellt, dass es viele Bedürfnisse zum Abbruchzeitpunkt gibt, wobei vor allem persönliche Bedürfnisse geäußert werden. Dennoch rangieren bei der Frage, welche sinnvollen Maßnahmen es gegeben hätte, um nicht abzubrechen, Hilfen aus dem familiären und schulischen Bereich ganz oben.

Die vorliegende Arbeit soll insgesamt Anreiz dafür sein, dass diese Thematik stärkeren Einzug in den wissenschaftlichen Diskurs erhält und keiner Bagatellisierung zum Opfer fällt.

 

Early school leaving is a more than complex issue which varies individually and can be analyzed from different angles. Studies in this area, however, are underrepresented except for individual exceptional cases in the German-speaking world. The aim of this thesis is to focus on the very subject of early school leaving. In so doing various viewpoints of relevance are displayed, the current state of knowledge is presented and people who have dropped out of school prior to completing secondary education were interviewed. The research is based on interviews with seven respondents and hence carried out by means of a qualitative research analysis (i.e. problem-centered interviews). The survey focuses on two areas: on the one hand, the backgrounds of the dropouts are evaluated; and on the other hand, the needs of early school leavers are analyzed. The results obtained by the research display as much variety as the individual stories of the respondents. The main background related result is a lack of motivation and interest. These terms should not be considered the only problem of the early school leaver though, as both aspects are influenced decisively by school and family related factors, too. These include, among other things, conflictual relationships and a lack of networking among the spheres of life. In addition, it can be pointed out that there are many needs at the time that precedes dropping out of school; personal needs were voiced most frequently. However, a supportive family and school environment were mentioned most frequently as to the question of what would have helped to avoid dropping out of school in the first place. Overall, this master thesis aims to raise awareness so that the issue of early school leaving receives more attention in the scientific discourse.